Revolving plane.



J. HAYTON.

REVOLVING PLANE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1910' 1,0Q6,846, Patented00t.24,1911.

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' WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS J. HAYTON REVOLVING PLANE.

APPLICATION FILEDBHPT 29, 1910. I

1,006,846, Patented Oct. 24,1911.

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% TEE-i WITNESSES'. INVENTOR by @7225? flay/Zia z" I Q I ATTORNEYS T0 allwho'm it may cone-em; i

enrrnn STA S. PATENT orrron JAMES HA T N. F S LAKE-bin, UTA-E- REVOLVING ram Specification of hettela Iatsnt Patented 0012.2 1911- Appfioationfiled September a9, 1910. Serial Nn.584,432.

Be it known that I, JAMES HAY'roN, a citizen of the'United States, and aresident of Salt Lake City, in the county of Salt Lake and S ate of Utah, have invented new and Impro d Revolving Planes, of which the fOll0Wl$g is a full, clear, and exact description.

Thisinvention relates to revolving planes for flying machines, to take the place of the stationary planes now used therein.

An object of this invention is to provide a device which-willbe' simple in construction,

inexpensive to manufacture, strong, du-

rable, easily controlled, andhaving a great supporting efliciency. This and further objects, together with the construction and combination of parts, will be morefully described hereinafter and particularly set I forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompany ing drawings forming a part'of this specifi cation, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views, and, in which Figure l is a top plan view; Fig. 2 is aside view in elevation; andFig. 3 is a detail bottom plan view of one of the revolving planes.

Referring more particularly to the separate parts of the device, it will be seen that I provide a pair of revolving planes 1 on each side of the flying machine. Each air of revolving planes is secured to a sha t 2, supported .anti-frictionally on a frame 3 by means of ball beari s, 4. These revolving planes are to take theplace of the stationary planes now used on biplanes and other types of flying machine, and have the advantage that, when stationary, they can be extended parallel to each other, so as to occupy onehalf of the space now occupied by biplanes having the same supporting efficiency. Therevolving planes occupy an areaofat least one-half the total area of the circle throu h which they revolve, and have but a slig t The material of which the supporting planes are constructed may be of any suitable .character such as light, tough-wooden bladestecure to a central hub 5, through whichthe shafts 2 extend, by means of central disks 6 of any suitable light metal. The central hub, disk and blades may be cast of aluminum of one piece, if desired. The outer edges of theplanes are reinforced by means'of metallic rims 7, which strengthen the planes and add to their rim force, giving greater steadiness of rotation,

The strain incident to supporting the fly- 0 ing machine is taken-up intheplane by; means'ofguy wires 8, which are secured to pins 9 on the disk 6, and extend to the corners and center of each plate, where they are secured in any well known manner. 2 5

The source of motive force for therevolving planes may be of any suitable character, such as. a gasolene engine 10, which drives a pair of shafts 11 by means of chain-andsprocket connections '.12 nand' 13. These shafts 11 may be connected in driving vrelat-ion vi iththe shafts 2 by, means of intermeshing bevel "gears 14 and 15, located fespectivelyon the shafts 11 and 2. The shafts 11 may be alsonutilized as propeller shafts, and are provided with propellers 16,"

which are adapted to drive the machine for- Ward. v i

The flying machine is preferably supported on wheels 17, so as to permit'it to 0 run along theground. The rising. of, the flying machine in the air can be controlled by a tilt-ing plane 18, which i operated by a suitable'lever 19, and connec ed thereto in any suitable manner, as by means of'a'n' arm 20 and a link 21.' The lever 19 may be locked in any adjusted position by means; of a latch mechanism 22, which engages a sector rack 23. A trailing plane 24 may be provided if desired, to add to the support-"'90 ing; surface of the flying machine. 7

' The operation of the device will be readily 'understood'when taken in conneotionwith theabove description. 4 Y

'The pairs of revolving planes'on the ma-' chine-are rotated by the engine 10, so that the pair on one'side will revolvei'n the opposite direction to the pair of planes on the other side. By reason of the revolvmg planes being anti-frictionally'connected-with the frame by means of theball bearings,"

they will revolve at a high speed with little or no friction. If, during the flightin the air, the engine should become disabled, the

weight of the machinei-falling causes the lanes; to revolve, and keeps the' machine in avperfect balance while. descending to -the I ground, and evenretards its speed of falling. When the flyingtmachine is at rest, with the revolvingmlanes at restythe pairs of 1 1 0 planes on opposite sides of the machine will extend parallel to each other, so that-they occupy less space than is the case with the stationary planes on most flying machines.

It will thus be seen that I have provided revolving planes for flying machines, which will permit a more perfect supporting surface, taking up less space and having a higher factor of safety than the stationary supporting planes now in use in ordinary flying machines.

While I have shown one embodiment of 'my invention, I do not wish to be limited to the specific details thereof, but desire to be protected in various changes, modifications and alterations which may come within blades, and guy wires for transferring the strain on said blades, connected to said disk and to the corners and centers of said blades.

2. A flying machine having a pair of revolving planes mounted on each side thereof,

the top plane of each pair being superposed directly above the bottom plane, sa1d planes each comprising a hub, blades, disks for securing said blades to said hub, said blades having a slightpitch and extending in cir-.

cular spaced-relation from each other, and reinforcing metallic strips located on the outer rim of said blades.

.3. A flying machine, comprising a frame, a vertical shaft at each glide of the frame and extending above and below the frame, a'

pair of planes on each shaft, one on the upper end of the shaft and the other on the lower end thereof, each p'lane consisting of two oppositely projecting blades, a ihorizontal shaft geared at one end with each vertical shaft, a propeller on the other end of each horizontal shaft, a motor and means for operating the horizontal shifts in different directions from the motor, whereby the planes on one side will revolve in an r opposite direction to those on the other side.

Intestimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, JAMES'HAYTON. Witnesses: p J H. We )MANSEE,

GEO. A. SIMS.

Washington, D. G.

- Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, 

